The first land-based recorded strike in the United States
was among cordwainers - as
shoemakers were then called - in Philadelphia in 1804. Most craft unions
at that time
were formed for just one strike or action and then disbanded. By the 1820s,
though, more
or less permanent unions did form and even federations began to emerge.
From the start, unions ran into the same major problem they face today: Employers would use the power of the government to limit or crush them. Owners tried to persuade the courts to rule that strikes - and even unions themselves - were criminal conspiracies. In 1842, Massachusetts courts said that strikes for better working conditions were not criminal, but often local authorities behaved as if they were, using police and even militia to suppress union actions.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Labor Primer:
Laboring for Health: Unions Leadership Role in Health Policy
Taking Health Care to the States and the Streets
Best Practices for the Long Haul
Worker Centers: Another Resource
The Soul of Labor History is the Story of Democracy
Appendices:
Article: Unions are from Mars, Community Groups are from Venus: Does that Mean We are All Aliens?