The basic membership unit of the labor movement is the union local. There are, literally, thousands of local unions, and each is generally affiliated with a national, or international, union.
The purpose of the union local is to insure
workplace democracy. Locals help create
an organization close enough to the members so that all who wish can participate
in deciding contract priorities, deliberating on important issues and electing
officers.
Originally, locals were based in one factory. Some of those like
the Ford River Rouge
automobile plant employed as many as 120,000 workers, but most were more
modest in size.
Other locals were citywide in scope. Originally, all the union carpenters
in Chicago, for instance, might belong to one local. If it got too big
or unwieldy, or if there were a political conflict, it might split into
two or
more locals. Today, in Chicago, there are 21 carpenter union locals, united
in a district council. Other big cities are similar.
As transportation and communications improved, though, local unions came
to cover much larger territory. In public worker unions, for
example, all the employees of one, or several, government agencies might
belong to one local - even though they might be hundreds of miles apart.
The Pennsylvania Social Services Union is Local 668 of the Service Employees
International Union (SEIU). Its jurisdiction includes state welfare
social workers
throughout Pennsylvania, who are covered by a single contract.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Labor Primer:
Laboring for Health: Unions Leadership Role in Health Policy
Taking Health Care to the States and the Streets
Best Practices for the Long Haul
Worker Centers: Another Resource
The Soul of Labor History is the Story of Democracy
Appendices:
Article: Unions are from Mars, Community Groups are from Venus: Does that Mean We are All Aliens?